Ph.D. in Zoology, Columbia University, 1963. My interests and work have ranged widely, in order, as follows: ichthyology, herpetology, developmental biology, evolutionary biology, systems science, semiotics, natural philosophy, with publications in all but the first. I taught various biology courses at the City University of New York from 1965 until 1990, and have been associated with Binghamton University’s Biological Science department since 1992.
